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目的 探讨影响男男性行为者(men who have sex with men, MSM)人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)感染者确诊后快速启动抗病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy, ART)的相关因素，为临床制定针对性干预策略提供依据。方法 选取2021年3月至2022年9月在北京佑安医院性病艾滋病门诊所有新诊断的成人MSM HIV感染者作为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集社会学及人口学信息，并从医院电子病历系统提取临床资料。根据确诊后14 d内是否启动ART，将研究对象分为快速治疗组(Rapid组)和非快速治疗组(非Rapid组)。采用t检验或χ2检验进行单因素分析，并使用二元Logistic回归模型分析快速启动ART的独立影响因素。结果 共纳入研究对象353例，其中Rapid组256例(72.5%)，非Rapid组97例(27.5%)。单因素分析显示，独居状态、主动寻求HIV检测、认为快速启动ART有必要及身边有HIV感染的朋友/同伴，在两组间差异均具有统计学意义(χ2分别为5.902、4.573、4.709、7.037，均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，主动寻求HIV检测、和家人朋友或者同伴居住及身边有HIV感染者是愿意快速启动ART的独立促进因素(OR值分别为2.062、1.970、2.128，均P<0.05)。结论 主动寻求HIV检测、身边有感染者同伴以及和家人朋友或者同伴居住的MSM HIV感染者，在确诊后更易快速启动ART，临床应重点关注和引导不具备相关条件的感染者，加强关爱和支持，以提升其快速启动治疗率。
Abstract：Objective To analyze the factors that influence the rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy(ART) in HIVinfected men who have sex with men(MSM). This study aims to provide guidance for clinical practice. Methods The study targeted newly diagnosed HIV-infected adult MSM at the Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS Clinic of Beijing Youan Hospital from March 2021 to September 2022. Sociological/demographic information was collected through questionnaires, and clinical data were retrieved from the medical record system. Participants were divided into 2 groups based on whether they initiated ART within 14 days of diagnosis: the Rapid Treatment Group(Rapid Group) and the Non-Rapid Treatment Group(NonRapid Group). The data were analyzed using t-tests or χ2 tests for univariate analysis, and a binary logistic regression model was applied to identify independent influencing factors for rapid ART initiation. Results A total of 353 HIV-infected individuals were included, with 256 cases(72.5%) in the Rapid Group and 97 cases(27.5%) in the Non-Rapid Group. Univariate analysis showed that "living alone," "actively seeking HIV testing," "believing that rapid initiation of ART is necessary," and "having friends/peers who are HIV-infected" were factors with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups(χ2 values were 5.902, 4.573, 4.709, and 7.037, respectively; all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that "actively seeking HIV testing," "living with family, friends, or peers," and "having HIV-infected individuals around" were the main factors promoting the rapid initiation of ART(OR values of 2.062, 1.970, and 2.128, respectively; P<0.05). Conclusion MSM individuals who actively seek HIV testing, have HIV-infected peers around them, and live with family, friends, or peers are more likely to initiate ART rapidly after confirming HIV infection. Clinically, more attention should be given to MSM without these conditions. Enhanced care and support should be provided to improve their rate of rapid treatment initiation.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R512.91
引用信息:
[1]陈晓云,王冉,翟元一,等.男男性行为HIV感染者快速启动抗病毒治疗的影响因素分析[J].传染病信息,2026,39(01):1-6.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（82272320）面上项目; 北京市科技计划课题（Z211100002921003）
2026-02-28
2026-02-28