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目的 探讨兰州大学2023级新生中幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori, Hp）的感染率及其影响因素。方法 本研究采用横断面研究设计，通过整群抽样选取兰州大学2023级420例新生为研究对象。对所有入选对象分别采用问卷调查和Hp抗原检测。分析Hp的感染率及其影响因素。问卷调查内容涵盖性别、民族、出生地、生活环境、家庭收入、家庭成员数、饮食习惯、吸烟和饮酒等信息。用13C尿素呼气试验检测Hp感染，利用多因素Logistic回归分析Hp感染的影响因素。结果 兰州大学2023年级中抽取的420例新生Hp感染率为18.6%。女性Hp感染率为19.2%和男性Hp感染率为17.7%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。农村学生及城镇地区学生Hp感染率为20.4%和城市地区学生Hp感染率为14.3%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，高盐高脂和辛辣刺激的饮食习惯（OR=6.482）、家庭饮用水为井水（OR=6.872）、家庭成员人数5人以上（OR=4.651）是Hp感染的独立危险因素（均P<0.05）；有长期运动习惯（OR=0.314）、食堂就餐经历史（OR=0.098）是预防Hp感染的独立保护因素（均P<0.05）。结论 兰州大学2023级新生Hp感染率较低，饮食习惯、饮水卫生和家庭成员规模是Hp感染的独立危险因素。改善饮食习惯、增加运动可能降低Hp感染风险。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection and its associated risk factors among the freshmen of Lanzhou University in 2023. Methods This study adopts a cross-sectional research design and selects 420 freshmen from the 2023 cohort of Lanzhou University as the research subjects through cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey and Hp antigen testing were conducted separately for all selected subjects. Analyze the infection rate of Hp and its influencing factors. The questionnaire survey covers information such as gender, ethnicity, place of birth, living environment, family income, number of family members, dietary habits, smoking and drinking. Use 13C urea breath test to detect Hp infection, and analyze the influencing factors of Hp infection using multiple logistic regression. Results The Hp infection rate among 420 freshmen selected from the 2023 grade of Lanzhou University is 18.6%. The female Hp infection rate was 19.2% and the male Hp infection rate was 17.7%, with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). The Hp infection rate among rural and urban students was 20.4%, while the Hp infection rate among urban students was 14.3%, with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high salt, high-fat, and spicy diet habits(OR=6.482), drinking well water at home(OR=6.872), and having more than 5 family members(OR=4.651) were independent risk factors for Hp infection(P<0.05); Long term exercise habits(OR=0.314) and cafeteria dining experience(OR=0.098) are independent protective factors against Hp infection(P<0.05). Conclusion The Hp infection rate among the freshmen of Lanzhou University in 2023 is relatively low. Dietary habits, drinking water hygiene, and family size are independent risk factors for Hp infection. Improving dietary habits and increasing physical activity may reduce the risk of Hp infection.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R573
引用信息:
[1]孙伟强,李紫奎,师英超,等.兰州大学2023级新生幽门螺杆菌感染及影响因素分析[J].传染病信息,2026,39(01):91-96.
基金信息:
兰州大学学生创新创业行动计划项目(20230060131)
2026-02-28
2026-02-28